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Sputnik
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So let’s go back to the 1950s, where it all started. America and the Soviet Union were cold war enemies, the two superpowers in the world.
In a press conference in July 1955, the US announced that they intend to launch ‘small earth circling satellites’ between July 1957 and December 1958 as a part of their contribution to the International Geophysical Year(IGY).
In a press conference in July 1955, the US announced that they intend to launch ‘small earth circling satellites’ between July 1957 and December 1958 as a part of their contribution to the International Geophysical Year(IGY).
Four days later, Soviet scientist Leonid I. Sedov spoke to international reporters at the Soviet Embassy and announced his county’s intention to launch a satellite in the near future.
On the 4th of October 1957, the USSR(Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) surprised the entire world by launching history’s first man-made satellite, the Sputnik. It looked like a shiny ball with radio transmitters on it.
The launch of Sputnik created a period of public fear in the western nations about the perceived technological gap between the United Nations and the Soviet Union. This was named the Sputnik Crisis, it was a significant event in the cold war.
The launch of Sputnik marked the beginning of the Space Race between the two superpowers. On the other hand, United States’s Vanguard Rocket failed many times, it was pretty clear that it was extremely unreliable. American Authorities then decided to use Wernher Von Braun and his team’s experience to develop an orbital launch vehicle.
Von Braun was a German-American Aerospace Engineer who became the pioneer of rocket and space technology in the US. Von Braun and his team convinced the president of the US to use one of their US army missiles. The US army was instructed to use a modified Jupiter-C rocket to launch a satellite, the modified rocket was later named Juno-1.
Soviets achieved continuous success in space. After the two successful Sputnik missions, the US launched the Explorer 1 satellite on the top of the Juno-1 rocket in Feb 1958, America’s first and world’s third man-made satellite.
NASA was established by law on 29 July 1958. These initial missions were followed by several Explorer and Sputnik missions. The next milestone was to launch a Human into space. We’ll talk about it in the next one.
Click here to read Part 2 Roger That – Launch America
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geeky article
Very nice