Vibha Singh
Checkout handpicked notes of NCERT Class 9 Political Science chapter 1 notes (What is Democracy? Why Democracy?) by Vibha Madam, and don’t forget to share your valuable comments in the comment below to motivate our author.
Definition of Democracy
Democracy is a form of government in which the ruling power is vested in the hands of the people and the government is answerable to the people who can change it through constitutional means. In Democracy people have freedom to express views, freedom to organise and freedom to protest. In Democracy one leader, elected by the people rules the country.
On the contrary, in Dictatorship all the powers are in the hands of a single individual or a small group of individuals and they are not answerable to anybody.
Features of Democracy
Decision making power with the people’s representative:
This is the basic principle of democracy in India the final decision making power is with the parliament whose member are directly elected by the people.
Free and Fair elections:
Election commission (an independent body for conducting election) due to this the party which is in power has a fair chance of losing.
One person one vote one value in India all the adult citizen have one vote and each vote has equal value.
Rule of law and respect for rights:
Indian government rules within limits set up by the constitutional law. All the citizen have been given some basic rights.
Based on consultation and discussion:
Democracy is based on consultation and discussion. Discussion lead to the solution of every problem. Thus, democracy improves the quality of decision making.
Political equality:
Democracy is based on political equality which ensures equal rights, both the rich and the poor. It enhances the dignity of every citizen.
Room for correction:
In democracy, if there is something need to be changed, there is a provision for correction in constitution.
Gives opportunity:
Democracy provides the opportunity to the citizens to flourish according to their ability.
Why Democracy?
It is not possible to all the citizen to sit together and take a collective decision . Even if they could, the citizen does not have the time the desire or the skill to take part in all the decisions .so we need democracy and representative government.
Merits of Democratic Government
Responsible Government:
Democratic government is responsible government. the representative elected by the people on the basis of universal adult franchise remain responsible to the people.
Possibility of good laws:
Representatives properly represent the interest of the people in the assemblies and the parliament and always try to get the good laws passed.
Political Education:
The greatest merit of democracy is its educative value. Participation in election and other political activities make the people intelligent and politically conscious.
Based on Liberty and Fraternity:
In democracy the rights and the liberty of the people are well safeguarded. They can criticize the wrong policies of the government.
Government based on the will of the people:
Government is based on the will of the people and it functions according to their consent the government cannot ignore the interest of the people.
Demerits of the Democracy
Instability:
Leaders keep changing in the democracy . This leads to political instability .
Low Mortality:
Democracy is all about political competition and power play. There is no scope for morality.
Delay in Decision making:
So, many people have to be consulted in democracy that it leads to delay in decision.
Illiterate leaders and politically unconscious voters:
Elected leader do not know the best interest of the people. It leads to bad decisions. Ordinary people don’t know what is good for them they should not decide anything.
Corruption:
Democracy leads to corruption for it is based on electoral competition .
Features of Non-Democratic government
- People are not allowed to criticize the government.
- In the rule of the king or the military rule prevails .
- No opposition is tolerated.
- The workers are not allowed to form their independent Trade unions.
- All the people are at the mercy of The dictator.
- Television, radio and media controlled by the government .
- Public protest and demonstrations against the government are declared illegal .
- Absence of independent judiciary.
- Right to freedom missing.
Conclusion
However, history shows that Democracy is the best way to fight for recognition and also to accommodate diversity.
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