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stress, stressed, panic, pressure

Stress is a conditional of bodily or mental unrest which occurs as a result of any physical emotional or chemical imbalance in our body. when the person experiences a constraint and biting the accomplishment, at least two potential stresses. Every individual experiences stress at some or other time.

Definitions

 The word stress has its origin in the Latin word ‘strictus’ meaning tight or narrow and stringere, the verb meaning to tighten.

These root words reflect the internal feelings of tightness and construction of the muscles and breathing reported by many people under stress. 

Thus, stress is the pattern of responses an organism makes to stimulus event that disturbs the equilibrium and exceeds a person’s ability to cope

Fred Luthans
defined stress as an adaptive response to an external situation that results in physical psychological and / or behavioural deviations for Organisational participation.
Hans Selye
The father of modern stress is search, defined stress as “the non-specific response of the body to any demand” that is, regardless of the cause of the threat, the individual will respond with the same psychological pattern of reactions.
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 Nature of stress

Stress is not a factor that resides in the individual or the environment, instead it is embedded in an ongoing process that involves individuals transacting with their social and cultural environment. 

The perception of stress is dependent upon the individual’s cognitive appraisal of events and the resources available to deal with them.

Stressors

They are all kinds of factors that can cause stress. They range from physical illness to financial problems, to change of work, to strain relations, to loss of a loved one, to social situations.

All these stressors can be listed under

  • Emotional
  • Family
  • Social
  • Change
  • Chemical
  • Work
  •  Decision
  •  Commuting
  •  Phobia
  •  Physical
  •  Disease
  •  Pain
  •  Environmental

Dimension of stressors

The stresses which people experience also vary in terms of:

Intensity- low intensity vs high intensity

Duration- short term vs long time

Complexity- less Complex vs more complex

predictability- unexpected vs predictable

The three major types of stress

Physical and Environmental

 physical spaces are demands that change the state of our body. We feel strained when we overexert ourselves physically, lack a nutritious diet, suffer an injury or fail to get enough sleep. 

Environmental stresses are aspects of our surroundings that are often unavoidable such as air pollution, crowd in common noise heat of summer and winter cold affect our another group of environmental stresses are catastrophic events for disasters such as fire earthquake, floods, etc.

Psychological

 These are stresses that we generate ourselves in our minds and are unique to the person experiencing them. These are internal sources of stress.

Frustration results from the blocking of needs and motives by something or someone that hinders us from achieving a desired goal. There could be a number of cores of frustration such a social discrimination, interpersonal hurt, low grades in school, etc

Conflicts may occur between two or more incompatible needs or motives, for example whether to study, dance or psychology. There may be a conflict of values when you are pressurized to take any action that may be against the value held by you.

Internal pressures is time from belief based upon expectations from inside us to ourselves such as ‘I must do everything perfectly”. Such expectations can only lead to disappointment.

Social pressures may be brought about from people who make excessive demands on us. this can cause even greater pressure when we have to work with them to stop also, there are people with whom we face interpersonal difficulties ‘a personality clash’ of sort

Social

These are included externally and result from our interaction with other people. Social events like death or illness in the family, strained relationships, trouble with neighbours are some examples of  social stresses. These social stresses vary widely from person to person. attending parties may be stressful for a person who likes to spend quiet evenings at home while an outgoing person may find staying at home in the evening stressful.

Sources of stress

 can be generated because of a wide range of events and conditions

Type of personality

 Each individual has their own personality traits. Some people are sensitive, emotional, competitive in nature others may be relaxed, carefree, patient and less serious. individuals belonging to first type of personality are more respectable to stress while that of second type will less (no) stress.Thus, individual basic dispositions can also be the reason for potential stress

insta art, stress level

Demographic differences

  • Health:  sound health enables a person to cope up stress better than and sound health.
  •  Age:  It is positively related to stress. when a person grows older, his / her expectations and responsibility also increase and if he / she is unable to find    avenues for realising Expectations, one feels stressed
  • Education: better education provides an opportunity to understand things in a better manner. so better educated persons are less prone to stressed conditions.
  • Occupation: the nature of the occupation and stress are related. certain occupations are inherently more stressful than the occupations for instance, doctors, lawyers, politicians, etc.

Lifestyle

  •  lifestyles of individuals can also cause stress
  • Sedentary lifestyles individuals experiencing certain unique situations faster career changes related to stress.

Physical environment

The origin of stress can be any variation in physical surrounding conditions like high temperature, absence of comfortable sitting arrangement in office, noise, etc

  • Hassles: these are the personal stresses we endure as individuals due to the happenings in our daily life, such as noisy surroundings, commuting, quarrelsome neighbours electricity and water shortage exams 

Life events

  • Major life events that disturb our routine and cause unheaval can be stressful.
  • If several of these major life events are planned examples: moving into a new house or unpredicted example: breakup of a long term relationship occurs within a short period of time, then it may produce stress.

Traumatic events

  • These include being involved in a variety of extreme events such as a fire train or road accident, robbery, earthquake Tsunami etc.
  •   The effect of these events may occur after some lapse of time and sometimes persist as a symptom of anxiety, flashback dreams and intrusive thoughts, etc.

An individual experiences stress through psychological emotion and is disseminated through psychological breakdown or biological changes will stop however stress is not negative always stress has also positive consequences. The positive form of stress is known as Eustress.

motivation, stress buster thoughts, blogscart

Eustress

It is the term used to describe the level of stress that is good for you and is one of a person’s best Assets of achieving peak performance and managing minor crises. Eutress however has the potential of turning into a distress. distress is the manifestation of stare that causes our body wear and tear. 

Few of the eustress effect includes

  • Motivation
  • Enhance performance
  • Speed
  • Better decision making
  • Creativity
stress, pressure, stress model

 Individual interpretation

The stress experience will be determined by the resource of the person, searches money Social Skill, popping style, support network, etc.

Personality characteristics

  • Psychological  characteristics like mental health, temperament and self concept are relevant to the experience of stress
  • Cultural in the cultural context in which we live determine the the meaning of any event and defines the nature of response that is expected under various conditions

 Appraisal of stress

 The perception or interpretation of stress is dependent upon the individual’s cognitive appraisal of the event and the resources available to deal with them. an individual response to a stressful situation largely depends upon the perceived event and how they are interpreted or appraised

Responses to stress

The way one response to stress varies, depending upon his / her personality, early upbringing and life experiences. Everyone has their own pattern of a stress response. hence both the symptoms and their intensity varies from individual to individual. individuals responses can be divided into three categories that are physical, emotional and behavioral.

Emotional responses include:

  • Becoming easily  agitated, frustrated and moody
  • Feeling overwhelmed coma like you are losing control or need to take control
  • Having difficulty   relaxing and quieting your mind
  • Low self esteem, lonely, worthless and depressed
  • Avoiding others

Physical responses include

  • Insomnia -lack of sleep
  • Low energy
  • Headache
  • Nervousness and shaking, ringing in the ear, cold or sweaty Hands Off feet
  • Upset stomach including diarrhoea, constipation and nausea
  •  Aches, pain  and tense muscles
  • Chest pain and Rapid heartbeat
  • Frequent colds and infections
  • Loss of sexual Desire and/or ability
  • Dry mouth and difficulty swallowing
  • Clenched jaw or grinding teeth

Cognitive responses include

  • Forgetfulness and disorganization
  • Poor judgement
  • Constant  worrying
  • Racing thoughts
  • Inability to focus
  • Being Pessimistic or  seeing only the negative side

Behavioral responses include

  • Changes in appetite -either not eating or eating too much
  • Increased use of alcohol what cigarettes
  • Procrastinating and avoiding responsibilities
  • Exhibiting more nervous behaviour such as nail biting, fidgeting and pacing.

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